Jersey Independent Prison Monitoring Board (IPMB)- Annual Report 2018

STATES OF JERSEY

JERSEY INDEPENDENT PRISON MONITORING BOARD (IPMB): ANNUAL REPORT 2018

Presented to the States on 3rd April 2019 by the Minister for Home Affairs

STATES GREFFE

2019  R.40

Jersey Independent Prison Monitoring Board (IPMB)

Annual Report 2018

Contents

1. Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 2
2. Operations of the Independent Prison Monitoring Board (IPMB) ................................. 3
3. Prisoner Applications to the Board ................................................................................. 6
4. Monitoring visits ............................................................................................................. 8
5. Physical establishment, Security, Safety and CCU ...................................................... 10
6. Employment, education and meaningful activities ....................................................... 12
7. Medical centre and health services ............................................................................... 14
8. Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................... 16

1. Executive Summary

1. This is the second annual report of the Independent Prison Monitoring Board (IPMB) since its establishment in April 2017 by the Prison (Independent Prison Monitoring Board) Regulations 2017 ("The Regulations"). Much of the IPMB's work this past year has been to consolidate the foundations laid in 2017 and to continue to build our working relationships with prisoners, prison staff and the senior management team of the States of Jersey Prison Service (SoJPS) who manage La Moye Prison ("La Moye").
   2. There were changes in IPMB membership in 2018 reflecting the voluntary nature of the role. Nevertheless, all members have demonstrated commitment and effort in fulfilling their duties to monitor the treatment of prisoners at La Moye. Our activity has comfortably met, if not exceeded, the standards of the Regulations. We have been supported in our endeavours by the prison and kept regularly appraised of new initiatives by the recently appointed Governor, Mr Nick Cameron.
   3. In summary, the IPMB has been consistently satisfied with the treatment received by prisoners at La Moye during 2018. The IPMB's observations as a whole are that prisoners are treated with respect and dignity by dedicated and competent staff within a safe, clean and constructive prison environment.
   4. Regarding prisoner applications, the IPMB improved its methods of dealing with these and, in collaboration with La Moye's management team, contributed to the resolution of various issues raised by prisoners, notably with regards to matters of purposeful work or out of cell activity, the physical infrastructure for disabled prisoners and access to specialist medical provision. Some applications could not be resolved to the satisfaction of the prisoner, for example because they were outside the remit of the IPMB or prison policies must be applied.
   5. We recognise that there are particular challenges for La Moye with its mixed population and small size however a culture of continuous development and focus on prisoner welfare and rehabilitation is evident to us.
   6. Two areas which require particular mention, because of their importance to prisoner welfare, are access to clinical psychology services and equity of access to work and purposeful activity for particular groups, namely retired prisoners and the female population. We realise that the management of La Moye are working on these issues but within the inevitable constraints caused by the unusual demographics of this prison.
   7. The IPMB's understanding of La Moye and the experiences of both prisoners and staff within this unique environment has grown and will continue to inform our efforts and development of best practice to confidently monitor the welfare of prisoners and prison conditions. In 2017 there was an inspection of La Moye by HM Inspector of Prisons who in 2018 published his report entitled "TheHM Inspectorate of Prisons Report on an announced inspection of La Moye Prison, Jersey 11 – 22 September 2017. We refer to this report as "The HMIP 2017 Report".

2. Operationsof the Independent Prison Monitoring Board (IPMB)

1. The IPMB is comprised of independent, lay members of the public, and has responsibility solely for La Moye. Four new members joined the IPMB this year and, from the original membership, a new Chair and Deputy Chair were formally appointed. At the end of 2018, IPMB membership totalled seven members in line with the Regulations, namely:

• Vivien Vibert , Chair
• Laura Cardinal, Deputy Chair
• Jessica Mulholland
• Caroline Strachan
• Andrea John
• Graham Root
• Jess Doyle

2. The IPMB intends to recruit again in 2019 to help ensure stability in view of the voluntary nature of this role as well as to promote a diverse membership in respect of age, ethnicity and gender. A board which reflects the local community would be best placed to fulfil its role and appropriate recruitment strategies will continue to be supported by the Directorate of Justice and Home Affairs.
3. The statutory background to the IPMB was outlined fully in our 2017 report. In brief, it replaced the former Prison Board of Visitors' in April 2017 and was established to enable Jersey to be OPCAT' compliant.[1] The provision of an independent monitoring body for those held in detention is one of several protective mechanisms' recommended by the United Nations and is designed to strengthen protection for those deprived of their liberty.
4. Regulation 2 specifies that the function of the IPMB is to satisfy itself as to the treatment and welfare of prisoners, the state of the premises and the administration of the prison. In 2017 its responsibility in respect of the administration of the prison' was clarified and amendment to the Regulations to reflect this would be beneficial. Regulation 7 clearly emphasises the IPMB's central function, namely that it must:

• hear any complaint or request which a prisoner wishes to make';
• immediately inform the Minister of any abuse of a prisoner'; and
• attend to any report which it receives to the effect that the mind or body of a prisoner is likely to be injured by the conditions of his or her imprisonment'.

5. There was significant change in the membership of the IPMB since its establishment in 2017 with a number of resignations in April 2018, including those of the original Chair and Deputy Chair. These were caused by a variety of issues, with some relating to personal commitments of individual members; however, it is fair to note that frustrations arose due to weak administrative support and the paucity of resources available to the newly formed board as a group of volunteers during this critical period.
6. Following the resignations of the Chair and Deputy , in April 2018, there was correspondence and discussion with the Community and Constitutional Affairs Department (CCA) [2] regarding the IPMB's operation and concerns of its members. For a period, the roles of Chair and Deputy Chair were undertaken on an acting basis, with formal appointments being made after an interview process in December.
7. Progress made in respect to administrative support and resources includes the provision of a dedicated office space in the prison which is equipped to allow IPMB members to process applications, complete visit reports and have private discussion in preparation for visits. This facility has been established gradually and some technical aspects are yet to be resolved so the office space is not used to its fullest extent; however, we are considerably better equipped than in 2017 and have more of the resources that would be provided as standard to monitoring boards in the UK.
8. Clerical support increased following the appointment of an administrator in August 2018. This person was independent of the prison, which is important in terms of avoiding any potential conflict of interest, but the IPMB was conscious that our administrative requirements sat alongside other priorities for this person who was split between various roles within the States. Nevertheless, this appointment was a much- needed move forward.
9. A key resource has been the development of a secure on-line message facility, accessible to the Governor and Deputy Governor as well as to all IPMB members, which allows for secure communication in respect to practicalities such as visiting arrangements and the exchange of documents. This was identified as a priority by the IPMB at the start of its operation and highlighted again in mid-2018 in view of GDPR requirements and associated legislation.
10. Working relationships with the newly appointed Minister and Assistant Minister for Home Affairs have continued to be built through meetings with the current Chair and Deputy as well as the Ministers' attendance at our December 2018 meeting. We have made proactive efforts in inviting prison staff to our monthly meetings to discuss their respective areas of interest and responsibilities within the prison and their time is greatly appreciated in this regard.

11. There has been a consistent presence from the Governor or Deputy Governor at all monthly board meetings and prison reports have been made available to members prior to every meeting. With the appointment of a new Prison Governor in August 2018, there has been some degree of change for members to manage in respect of our working relationships alongside the appointment of new Ministers.
12. There have been proactive efforts from all sides to establish clear working agreements on the IPMB's remit and responsibilities as well as resources required from the prison. We intend to further strengthen our working relationship with the States of Jersey Prison Service, increasing both staff and prisoner awareness of our role and remit.

In addition to attending monthly meetings and making visits, members have sought to develop their knowledge and skills through:

• Becoming associate members of the Association of Members of Independent Monitoring Boards (AMIMB); this gives access to resources on the operation of prisons, prisoner welfare issues and IMBs in the UK.
• Visiting other prisons and building links with various IMBs; specifically, members have visited HMP Durham, Guernsey Prison, and HMP Buckley Hall .
• Attending a development event arranged by our appointed Policy Officer.  A former prisoner told us about his experience and the Policy Officer furthered our knowledge of the criminal justice system in Jersey.
• The new Chair and Deputy Chair attending a 2-day course in November in the UK designed for those chairing IMBs.
• The development of a Guide for Members to aid induction and provide a quick go-to' reference for procedures on our main activities. This is a work in progress which will be enlarged in 2019 to support current and future members.
• Induction visits to the prison for all new members who completed at least two initial monitoring visits with a more experienced member.

3.5  The IPMB cannot investigate complaints about the clinical judgement of medical professionals, or about legal proceedings, conviction or sentence, the latter including early release. Nevertheless, even if such a matter is specified on the application, the IPMB normally sees the applicant and sends a letter explaining why we cannot investigate it. With all applications, it is often the case that matters other than those on the form are subsequently aired in person.

4. Monitoring visits

1. The IPMB regularly visits La Moye and during 2018 made 18 monitoring visits, the majority of which entailed two or more areas or facilities. Every visit was undertaken by two of our members. Priority is given to meeting with prisoners who have applied to see the IPMB and we adapt visiting schedules where necessary.
2. During the first half of the year visits were unannounced but this meant the prison administration could not plan in advance for an escorting officer. From mid-2018 the dates and times of the visits have been shared in advance but the location/areas of any planned visit have not.
3. Visits were made to the following main areas/facilities, some of which were visited on more than one occasion:

• K and L wings (male prisoners, adult and young offenders)
• J wing (vulnerable male prisoners, adult and young offenders)
• H wing (female prisoners, adult and young offenders)
• Care and Control Unit
• Reception (suite where prisoners arrive from police custody, court or prior to attending external appointments)
• Kitchens
• Healthcare/Medical Centre
• Horticultural Compounds
• Workshop areas
• Visitor Centre
• Library
• Art Room
• Chapel
• Control Room
• Resettlement Management Unit (suite of offices and interview rooms where Probation and Prison personnel plan for sentence and release)

4. In addition to these core monitoring visits, the IPMB observed a K and L Wing Council meeting and attended the Marketplace', a bi-monthly event when outside agencies (e.g. Shelter Trust, Income Support) meet prisoners who are nearing release in order to assist with practical arrangements and other necessary resources. Five visits took place at weekends and one at night. All visits afforded opportunities to members to talk to prisoners and staff informally about the areas being monitored. Usually prisoners who have applied to see the IPMB are met in a room on their respective Wings which provides us with additional ad hoc observations of these areas.

5. We enquire at every monitoring visit if the Care and Control Unit (CCU) is in use and if so arrange to speak with prisoners accommodated in this facility as appropriate. During 2018, we visited a total of five people in CCU on four separate occasions (See Section 5 for further details).
6. After each monitoring visit, we have the opportunity to discuss key issues or matters of interest that have arisen with the Governor or Deputy Governor. Any actions required are recorded and discussed at the next IPMB meeting. Sections 5 to 7 provide further detail in respect of the physical establishment, safety and  security, education and health. Broadly speaking we observed the following:

• Relations between prison officers and prisoners have been good. The environment has been positive and respectful and this has extended to our contact with prisoners who have shown respect and have been happy to engage with us.
• Prison facilities have, with rare exceptions, appeared well maintained, clean and orderly in appearance. This includes not only the main residential wings but other key areas such as the kitchens, visitor centre and reception.
• We are always accompanied by a prison officer during a visit. We have found officers to be informative, helpful and willing to spend as much time with us as required.

7. From our visits we have gained knowledge of various initiatives that support prisoner welfare and wellbeing and links with the community at large. For example, the prison continues to showcase the horticultural efforts of prisoners at the RJA&H autumn show and visitors to the prison are able to purchase plants and vegetables. Art-work produced by prisoners is exhibited externally through events such as Inside Out'. There is also a high quality of carpentry which is available to the public for viewing and purchase at La Moye.
8. Resources to support prisoner contact with family and close others include the Storybook Dad' scheme which allows for prisoners to record stories for their children. Through visits to the library we are aware of children's books in various languages which facilitate this scheme. We have also been made aware of plans to introduce a video- call' facility for prisoners which will assist in maintaining contact with families and friends abroad.

5. Physical establishment, Security, Safety and CCU

1. La Moye has a mixed population with an operational capacity of 200. During 2018, the population averaged 135 with a range of 119 to 145. Prisoner numbers and categories of prisoners (male, female, vulnerable, and young offenders) have not changed significantly since 2017 although there has been a significant decrease in overall numbers within the past 5 years.
2. The IPMB's 2017 report outlined La Moye's main facilities and areas. Significant developments in 2018 included the refurbishment of the health centre and the building of new glasshouses. The new Governor has compressed future redevelopment into four years, the revised redevelopment plan has been signed off by the Minister, and a business case will now be submitted in 2019 to seek funding allocation during 2020-23. A Planning application has been submitted for the next phase which includes the replacement of the security gate, the creation of secure visitor and staff entrance and search areas and offices for prison staff. This phase should commence in April/May 2019 with a planned completion date of late 2020/early 2021.
3. In 2018 lesser projects were completed, for example, a small greenhouse and static gym equipment in the female prisoners' exercise yard. Specific efforts have been made to improve facilities for prisoners with mobility issues or physical disabilities such as the provision of additional handrails in the shower facilities in J wing, which houses a high proportion of elderly prisoners, hence the need for such modifications. Members are gradually developing knowledge of each wing and the particular considerations for different categories of prisoner.
4. Monitoring visits undertaken by the IPMB in 2018 have, as noted, included all residential wings and all key facilities. There have been no concerns in respect to the general cleanliness of these facilities nor any outstanding repair or maintenance issues of note.
5. In terms of prisoner safety and security, our observations are that all areas of La Moye are normally calm and orderly with prisoners engaging respectfully with both officers and IPMB members. Conversations are sometimes initiated by prisoners themselves.
6. The Governor supplies the IPMB with monthly statistics in respect to matters of safe custody', this includes incidents of self-harm, assaults on prisoners or staff members, drug testing results as well as use of the Care and Control Unit (CCU).
7. We noted in our 2017 report that cells in the CCU were in sufficient decorative order but the overall feel was bare and stark. The HMIP 2017 Report expressed concerns about conditions of the CCU cells pointing out that other cells were available on the floor above, near the staff office, which would be more suitable and less punitive. (see S42 at p.18 and paragraph 1.36 at p.23). However, the CCU cells used for women were said to be better and suitable by the HMIP 2017 Report.

8. At each monitoring visit we enquire specifically about any prisoners held in CCU. Given their additional vulnerability, it is our policy to see, where possible and appropriate, prisoners detained in segregation, as well as staff, recording our conversations on a form designed for this purpose. Due to the relatively limited use of CCU and our visits in 2018 averaging once every three weeks, the CCU was generally unoccupied when we were at La Moye; in 2018 we made four visits to prisoners held there. Looking to 2019, we aim to be more proactive in our efforts to speak with prisoners held in this facility; the Governor is now advising us every time someone is admitted to the CCU and we appreciate these efforts to assist us in this regard.
9. In terms of serious incidents, there were no deaths due to unnatural or accidental causes, no attempted escapes, riots or assaults against prison staff or significant infiltration of illegal substances. La Moye is a safe, secure and stable environment when compared to most prisons in England and Wales; this was reflected in the HMIP 2017 Report. (S7 at p.12)
10. The IPMB hopes to further develop understandings with the Governor in regards to serious incidents and our role during or subsequent to any such event. Some measures, such as prompt notification of a death in custody, are already in existence and were demonstrated following the death of a prisoner due to natural causes in October 2018 when the Deputy Governor notified the IPMB Chair within 12 hours. From the information given to us the prisoner had been chronically ill for some time and in the General Hospital, where he died, for more than two weeks, under appropriate escort. We had no reason for concern about this unfortunate event.
11. We recognise that our remit and potential role will vary according to the type of serious incident and our response will depend on availability of IPMB members alongside knowledge, confidence and training in this regard. Fortunately, as such events are relatively infrequent, we are afforded time and opportunity for further thought and discussion with the Governor. This being said, we are looking to establish clarity prior to, rather than after, any "serious incident" and do not wish to miss opportunities for engaging with the prison management and strengthening our knowledge of prisoner welfare and best practice in these circumstances.
12. One such example has been discussions with the Governor, prompted by a serious self- harm incident at the end of 2018, about staff de-briefings following this event. We have requested consideration as to what is referred to by the prison as "lessons learnt" to be shared with us in order to support our own understanding as well as fulfil our role of monitoring prisoner welfare.

6. Employment, education and meaningful activities

1. Access to education and/or purposeful activity is recognised by the IPMB to be central to prisoner welfare, whether a prisoner is on remand or serving a custodial sentence. Education plays a crucial role in respect to rehabilitation and reducing risk of re- offending. There are also clear links between meaningful education and prisoner-staff relations, prisoner mental health and other aspects of the prison's general operation.
2. The HMIP 2017 Report's findings in this area set a context to our observations in 2018. We endeavour to gain an informed overview of available activities within the prison and are concerned with equity of access across prisoner categories with women in particular, being in such small numbers, not having the same opportunities as men.
3. Our knowledge of learning and skills provision has been gained through monitoring visits to all main facilities, prisoner applications regarding issues of work or education, access to monthly Governor Reports and dialogue with the Governor about new initiatives. In September 2018 we were given a presentation from the newly appointed Head of Learning and Skills (Dr David Holmes) who outlined La Moye's focus on increasing employment rates and maximising time out of cell for all prisoners, improving existing resources and reviewing the types of courses offered.
4. The IPMB is kept aware of staffing changes or any long-term sickness which may impact course provision. One change was the reduction of the Art Teacher's days from 5 to 3 a week, which affected session availability for all prisoners; in May we were advised that female prisoners only had access to the afternoon sessions which were just under half the time of the morning sessions.
5. The IPMB appreciates that due to the specialist nature of these teaching positions and the relatively small size of the educational team for a prison with La Moye's population size, any staff absence can create challenges. Overall, there appears to have been more stability this past year than in 2017 and we were informed in November that 80% of eligible prisoners were working full-time, a significant improvement on previous years, and there had been an increase in the total hours of education provided and taken up by prisoners.
6. Key facilities visited in 2018 included the kitchens, the library, horticultural compounds and workshops, e.g. carpentry, and the art room. Current facilities are on the whole well-equipped and suitable for use with no particular concerns noted in respect to the physical conditions of these areas. There were delays to the renovation of one of the main greenhouses in 2018 due to factors beyond the prison's control but this work is now complete.

7. La Moye has ongoing projects intended to enhance opportunities for purposeful activity, such as the installation of a greenhouse in the women's outside area and a small gardening area for J Wing. Larger wood-work projects are done in an open courtyard which restricts the activity in inclement weather. The provision of covered space would promote full access of this facility.
8. There are aspects of inequity in terms of access to a range of purposeful activities. As noted in our 2017 report, neither the females (H-wing) nor the vulnerable prisoners (J- wing) are able to work in the kitchens for logistical reasons; however, in late 2018 J Wing prisoners took over the work in the horticulture area from K and L Wing prisoners who had done it to the exclusion of J Wing. Cookery classes have been offered previously for female prisoners but this was infrequent and not run during 2018. Plans were in progress in November 2018 for a basic budget class to be offered to J wing prisoners however the provision of such classes only partly compensates for the inability to work in the kitchen.
9. Kitchen work is the highest paid work and offers a very positive working environment because prisoners can take their breaks and meals in a communal area and eat with others around a table. With meals generally being taken from the servery in each wing and eaten in a prisoner's cell, this social' mealtime is a particular advantage which is not available to all categories of prisoners.
10. This past year, 8 out of 31 applications to the IPMB concerned matters of access to work or education, which reflect the importance of this to prisoners. Communication with the prison in respect to all applications has been informative and developed our knowledge of both the practical considerations around educational access as well as matters of risk management, which are central to issues of prison security and prisoner rehabilitation. One such application was from a prisoner who had been on remand for several months and was being denied security clearance for certain work. The IPMB's involvement contributed to a change of policy such that prisoners on remand for longer than 3 months are now security-assessed in the same way as convicted prisoners.
11. The HMIP 2017 Report criticised the limits of meaningful activity for some classes of prisoner. The IPMB agrees, while acknowledging that the demographics at La Moye mean that organisational and budget issues constrain the prison authorities in this regard.

7. Medical centre and health services

1. Towards the end of 2017 an extensive refurbishment of the medical centre was undertaken and the facility became fully operational in early 2018. The IPMB visited it twice in 2018 and noted significant improvements on the earlier facility, such as:

• ground floor access and wide corridors for the disabled and wheelchairs;
• upgraded treatment rooms;
• bright, airy, newly painted;

 We noted that the dispensary area had not been updated, and while adequate seemed old and dark in contrast to the rest of the facility; this would affect staff rather than prisoners.

2. Primary care is provided by a Health Manager and five nurses, who run the facility during weekdays and provide skeleton cover over nights and weekends. General Practice services are supplied by a town practice with a GP attending for two hours every week-day and being on call at other times. The IPMB understands that the recruitment of suitable nurses is difficult and the facility is short-staffed at times; while this does not affect prisoners, who are always treated, it means that sickness and leave put untoward pressure on the remaining staff.
3. Secondary care is provided by the Department of Health, with prisoners being escorted to the out-patient clinics used by the general population or admitted as in-patients at the General Hospital. Such events inevitably demand a lot of prison officer time.
4. Dental services, like GP's, are provided by a town practice. During 2017 the IPMB received some complaints about dentistry but it was outsourced to a different practice in early 2018 and is said to be much improved. We received no complaints about dentistry in 2018.
5. A Community Psychiatric Nurse (CPN) attends La Moye once a week, and with the Health Manager came to an IPMB meeting to explain their work. There is a team of psychologists whose roles include one-to-one sessions on offending behaviour, undertaking assessments to inform sentence planning and attendance at various panel meetings such as MARAMM. This work is in the field of forensic psychology, as opposed to clinical psychology.
6. The provision of clinical psychological services for prisoners, which is distinct from the work of the forensic psychology team based at La Moye, has presented challenges. The HMIP 2017 Report notes that lack of access to clinical psychology was a significant deficit' and a specific recommendation was made that Prisoners should have community equivalent access to Clinical Psychology and Psychologically informed interventions'. (Paragraph 2.85 at p.39)

7. This issue was specifically brought to our attention by an application in which the prisoner sought specialist assessment and treatment for a possible clinical condition. The previous and current Governors advised us of difficulties external to the prison which impact on mental health care. We are aware of continued efforts by the Governor to resolve access to clinical psychology services with the Department of Health. The Prison Services' contribution to a Scrutiny Report in respect of mental health was shared with us in this context.
8. Issues of access to specialist mental health provision necessitate cross-working between government departments and we fully support efforts to resolve this. We have highlighted issues of access to clinical psychology as there are inequities of resource for prisoners with mental health conditions and barriers to progressing referrals as a result of their incarceration.
9. About 80% of people arrive in prison as smokers and to prepare for the ban on smoking (which came into effect on 7 January 2019) the prison ran smoking cessation courses during the last 6 months of 2018, which will have helped long-term prisoners. During 2018 the IPMB received some complaints from non-smokers about people smoking in unregulated places. La Moye's introduction of this ban, in line with establishments in the UK as well as Guernsey, is welcomed in view of the benefits it will bring to the health and well-being of both prisoners and staff.
10. One application to the IPMB which concerned a particular health condition related to the prisoner's need for a therapeutic bed. Before we met this person the prison authorities had agreed to this request and decided to convert one cell in each of Wings J, K and L in order to accommodate a therapeutic bed. This has now been done.
11. In conclusion, the general physical health needs of prisoners at La Moye are well attended to and a healthy life-style is being promoted with the smoking ban preparation, encouragement of regular exercise and activity across the wings.

8. Acknowledgements

1. As Chair and Deputy Chair we wish to record the valuable contributions made by former members of the IPMB, and in particular the former Chair and Deputy , Andrew Baudains and Lesley Toms. We were disappointed to lose them but recognise the work they did toward the establishment and first year's operation of the IPMB.
2. We appreciate and are grateful for the continuing, good-natured, assistance of our designated Policy Officer, James Lynch. He has not only been our direct contact with relevant departments but has filled in as our administrator for much of 2018, taking minutes, organising recruitment, training and our visit to the Guernsey prison, amongst other matters.
3. To the former prison Governor, Bill Millar M.B.E., we extend our thanks for his patience and informative help during the first 16 months of the IPMB's existence. In August we welcomed Nick Cameron as the new Governor who has given the IPMB his attention and support. For a period he was seconded to another role in the Justice and Home Affairs Department during which time the Deputy Governor, Nick Watkins, gave us his time, knowledge and advice. To both Nick Cameron and Nick Watkins we record our thanks for their co-operation and constructive assistance.
4. Finally, our current members, four of whom arrived in turbulent and uncertain times, have all contributed in their individual and sparkling ways to the operation and development of the IPMB and to them we are specially and sincerely grateful.

26th March 2019

Vivien Vibert - Chair

Laura Cardinal – Deputy Chair