Building a Safer Society: A Community Safety and Substance Misuse Strategy for Jersey 2016–2019.

Building a  Safer Society  

A  Community  Safety  and  Substance  Misuse  Strategy  for Jersey 2016-2019  

To minimise the harm caused  by crime, anti-social behaviour  and substance misuse  

R.111/2016

Contents

Foreword by Minister for Home Affairs ................................................. 3 BaSS Glossary of Terms......................................................................... 4 Introduction................................................................................................ 5 Background ............................................................................................... 6 Review ....................................................................................................... 8 Aligning the BaSS Strategy .................................................................... 9 Picture in Jersey ..................................................................................... 11 Strategic Priorities & Key Objectives ................................................... 14 Strategic priority 1 .................................................................................. 15

To reduce the harms caused by crime, anti-social behaviour and threats to personal safety ...................................................................... 15

Strategic priority 2 .................................................................................. 26

To increase the safety of our community by supporting an integrated approach to social inclusion............................................... 26

Strategic priority 3 .................................................................................. 37

To minimise the harm to individuals, families and communities caused by drugs and alcohol ................................................................ 37

Governance ............................................................................................. 54

Foreword by Minister for Home Affairs

This updated strategy addresses the current challenges regarding crime, anti-social behaviour and substance misuse. Many agencies, from both the public and not-for-profit sectors, have been involved in its development. Although, as the title implies, we live in a safe community, we are determined to ensure our society becomes a safer and even better place to live.

Since  2005,  when  the  first  combined  community  safety  and substance misuse strategy was formulated, we have made great strides in making our community a safer place; Police recorded crime continues to reduce, people feel safer in our communities, fewer  of  our  young  people  are  coming  into  our  criminal  justice system and partnership working amongst states departments, not- for-profit agencies and communities has become recognised as the most effective way of working towards shared goals.

Our three main priorities in this strategy are:

1. To reduce the harms caused by crime, anti-social behaviour and threats to personal safety
2. To increase  the  safety  of  our  community  by  supporting  an integrated approach to social inclusion
3. To minimise the harm to individuals, families and communities caused by drugs and alcohol

This strategy represents the way we, as an island, seek to address these social challenges because despite past successes, there are still  new  challenges,  in  particular  the  misuse  of  the  internet  to commit  or  facilitate  crime,  dangerous  new  psychoactive substances, and domestic violence.

It has been proved that ensuring strong foundations in early life help to build wellbeing, promote mental and physical health and help to ensure long term positive outcomes for everyone and to this end I am committed to the development of the 1001 Critical Days Agenda for Jersey. This agenda sits alongside and has direct links to the promotion  of  community  safety  and  building  resilience  against substance misuse.

I am also committed to ensuring Jersey complies with Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women  and  domestic  violence  (Istanbul  Convention).  This convention, once ratified, will ensure an ongoing commitment in Jersey to eradicate this pernicious societal problem which has an effect on women, girls, their families and communities.

The  strategy  has  links  with  other  key  States  strategies,  a commitment to work in partnership and a history of success through efficient and effective use of available resources and I am confident that it offers the right approach for achieving further reductions in crime, anti-social behaviour and substance misuse and will make real improvements to the quality of island life.

Deputy KRISTINA MOORE  

Minister  

JASS   Jersey Annual Social Survey

ACMD The Advisory Council on Misuse of Drugs

JCIS   Jersey Customs and Immigration Service ADAPT Domestic Violence Programmes for perpetrators

JPACS Jersey Probation and Aftercare Service

ADS   Alcohol and Drug Service

JVS   Jersey Victim Support and Witness Care services ASB   Anti-Social Behaviour

MAPs Multi-Agency Partnerships.

BaSS   Building a Safer Society Strategy

MARAC Multi-Agency Risk Assessment Conference BBV   Blood born virus.

NPS   New Psychoactive Substances

CCA   Department for Community and Constitutional Affairs

PMNW Prison! Me! No Way!!

CIA   Community Impact Assessments

RJ   Restorative Justice

CMD   Chief Minister's Department

SHU   Strategic Housing Unit

DAAT Drug and Alcohol Action Team

SoJP   States of Jersey Police

DE Department for Education

SoJPS States of Jersey Prison Service

DTO   Drug Treatment Order

SPB   Safeguarding Partnership Board

EDTSC Department for Economic Development, Tourism, Sport

and Culture  SSD   Department for Social Security

FFLM   Freedom for Life Ministries  SSH   Safer St Helier Community Partnership

H&SS Department for Health and Social Services  VCS  Voluntary and Community Sector

HCV   Hepatitis C Virus  WCU  States of Jersey Police Witness Care Unit

HLOS Jersey Health and Life Opportunities Survey 2015  YOI  Young offenders Institute

IDVA   Independent Domestic Violence Advisor

Building a Safer Society (BaSS) is a strategy aimed at minimising the harm caused by crime, anti-social behaviour (ASB) and substance misuse. This document outlines the three strategic priorities for the period 2016-2019 and includes the activities which will be undertaken in order to achieve success.

This strategy has been developed through much independent research and evaluation, community involvement and input from many stakeholders. As a community safety and substance misuse strategy, BaSS has evolved over the years, changed and fitted into various States Strategic Plans. Community Safety will be one of the key features of Jersey's new long term vision

This document is also intended as a guide to the vision for our Island, how we intend to get there and it is designed to provide the voluntary and community sector and local communities with strategic direction to help inform their own planning. It is a working document and may change as a result of research, monitoring and evaluation.

BaSS also seeks to contribute to, and where possible incorporate, the aims and objectives of other relevant reports and strategies including:

• The Criminal Justice Policy
• the 1001 Critical Days;
• Mental Health Strategy;
• Strategic Housing framework;
• the Alcohol and Licensing Strategy;
• Suicide strategy ;
• Sexual Health strategy.

It will also seek to ensure that it feeds into forthcoming strategies like the Disability strategy and Gender-Based Violence and Domestic Violence strategy.

It includes long, medium and short-term initiatives; and seeks to reduce crime and disorder and substance misuse through early intervention, rigorous enforcement and rehabilitation. It incorporates, where appropriate, best practice from around the world, but also recognises that there are many local practices which are more focused and would compare favourably with those in the UK and elsewhere.

Background

Community safety matters greatly to local people and partnership working is increasingly acknowledged as generating solutions to problems that single agencies find it difficult to solve, improving the services  that  users  receive,  and  enhancing  the  coordination  of services across organisational boundaries.

In Jersey, over the past fifteen years we have had, in one form or another, a partnership approach to tackling substance misuse and community safety and there has been a concerted effort to invest in evidence-based early interventions to mitigate the risks of offending and substance misuse.

The approach we have taken hitherto ensures a balance between long-term,  welfare-based  interventions  aimed  at  reducing  risk factors  and  medium/long-term  enforcement  activities  aimed  at reducing recidivism. In this way, we seek to minimise the harm that individuals,  families  and  communities  experience  as  a  result  of crime, ASB and substance misuse.

The  harm  reduction  approach  taken  to  substance  misuse  was based upon the evidence that reducing the harm caused by mind- altering  substances  was  the  most  effective  approach.  Harm reduction was an approach ahead of its time, whilst elsewhere in the world a `war on drugs' was being conducted. This approach was later adopted in most jurisdictions and more recently the UK has moved from a harm reduction agenda to a recovery agenda – that is, to encourage people into treatment and then discharge them as soon as they are drug free.

The  Jersey  Criminal  Justice  Policy  (2007)  has  9  pillars  which include  early  intervention,  enforcement  and  rehabilitation  and recognises the importance of having initiatives in place to address the risk factors which contribute to offending as well as dealing comprehensively and effectively with offenders to reduce their risks of re-offending.

BaSS is based on early intervention and strong evidence-based initiatives to address many social issues that result in crime, ASB and substance misuse.

It does this by addressing risk factors and reducing recidivism in order to minimise the harm that individuals, families and communities experience as a result of crime, ASB and substance misuse.

Reducing crime, the fear of crime, and the harm caused by illegal drugs are complex issues and the identification of obstacles and solutions can be similarly complex. BaSS has always sought to address these issues at three different levels across all age groups:

• early interventions, which help prevent the likelihood of substance misuse; crime or ASB problems occurring;
• diversionary activities, which help prevent people becoming bored, disaffected and getting into trouble;
• enforcement: if a crime has been committed, responding appropriately, which ensures that the offender understands the consequence of their actions and minimises the harm to the victim.

There has been a Community Safety and Substance Misuse strategy in various forms since 1996.

BaSS has been the joint community safety and substance misuse strategy since 2005.

• two pieces of research into substance misuse in Jersey (2001 and 2015) ;
• a victimisation survey;
• a report on criminal justice;
• a review of provision for children with emotional and behavioural difficulties;  
• ongoing Young People's Health and Lifestyle Survey (A Picture of Health);
• The Conduct And Effectiveness Of Parish Hall Enquiries;
• Anti-Social Behaviour in Jersey;
• Youth Offending in Jersey;
• Youth Justice Review
• Victim Services Review;
• Reconviction studies;
• Various research evaluations;
• BaSS Strategy Evaluation and Review.

These reports, together with existing and ongoing research, have enabled us to begin to develop a much clearer picture of the issues we face in Jersey.

Annual reports have been produced looking at outcomes and there is little doubt that there have been areas of huge success. It has a demonstrable track record of working in effective partnerships.

It is now well documented that investing in early years, evidence based interventions when issues begin and working in effective partnerships have clear and positive social and economic benefits.

One of the principal aims of BaSS was to develop a comprehensive picture of crime and substance misuse in Jersey. To this end, a number of important pieces of research have been undertaken, including:

Review

In order to accurately inform a new community safety and substance misuse strategy a review was conducted. This included independent research into the Nature, Extent, Impact, and Response to Illicit Drug Use in Jersey' which was conducted by the Centre for Drug Misuse Research in Glasgow.

The review process commenced with an independent evaluation, then a workshop for stakeholders from voluntary, community, public and private sectors followed by a strategy development day.

The results highlighted what had worked, some areas which needed improvement and future challenges which included:

• Engaging communities and raising awareness
• Internet misuse and cybercrime
• Joined up working around Social Policy issues
• Social exclusion and equality
• Misuse of drugs especially new psychoactive substances (NPS)
• Domestic Abuse
• Mental health issues
• Ageing population
• Funding

The independent drug research made several recommendations which centred around:

• Drugs Prevention Education  
• Joint Working
• Performance Management and Review
• Research and Monitoring
• Enforcement
• New Psychoactive Substances
• Prescription Drugs Misuse
• Needle and Syringe Exchange
• Blood-borne Viruses
• Sexual/Family Health
• Recovery
• Shared Care
• I.T. Support and Data Analysis

Aligning the BaSS Strategy

Building a Safer Society' is one of  the core delivery strategies supporting the Safety and Security' Strategic Goal of Jersey's new strategic planning process which is based upon a framework of enduring Strategic Goals against which we can define our shared ambitions for Jersey's future.

The framework recognises the vital contribution that each of these Goals makes to our quality of life in Jersey. It also highlights the inter-dependencies between the different Goals and the importance

of  achieving  a  sustainable  balance  between  our  economic, community and environmental interests.

Each of the Goals is broken down into more detailed Outcomes. This is where each Goal takes shape into tangible subjects around which Jersey's future ambitions can be discussed and agreed. The Outcomes  are  supported  by  performance  indicators  which  will measure progress towards the results we hope to achieve.

A key purpose of the planning framework is to set a coherent vision of our ambitions for Jersey's future. Whilst the vision will describe what will constitute success in the future, the detail of how we get there – what needs to be done and by whom – will be set out in core delivery strategies.

Each delivery strategy will set a longer term perspective on what we hope to achieve, but also provide a more detailed focus on planned activity in the short to medium term.

The diagram overleaf shows how BaSS not only aligns with other

delivery strategies whose purpose is to ensure that Islanders feel

safe and secure but also makes a vital contribution to the delivery of

other Strategic Goals that make a difference to quality of life in

Jersey. In particular, its focus on minimising the harm caused by

substance misuse means the strategy also has a cross-cutting

impact on Health and Wellbeing'

*The Priorities set out in the Council of Ministers' Strategic Plan 2015-18 align with these overarching Strategic Goals

Picture in Jersey

2011, 2013 no questions about safety in JASS).

For the past 10 years, an annual report has been written and data collected on key outcomes for the strategy. The evidence below shows  very  positive  outcomes  for  the  BaSS  strategy  regarding recorded crime and perceptions of safety for residents in Jersey. The  youth  crime  has  significantly  reduced  since  2005  and  the States of Jersey Police (SoJP) have made vast improvements with engaging  with  our  communities  and  addressing  equality  and diversity.  The  consumption  of  alcohol  has  reduced  significantly since 1999 and there are some effective treatments being given for substance misuse. However, the picture is not all rosy; domestic abuse remains a serious problem, our alcohol consumption is still higher  than  many  other  countries  and  the  SoJP  are  seeing increases in drug-related crime. As the review showed, there are also new challenges our communities face around emerging new drugs, internet misuse (including access children and young people have to extreme pornography, internet safety e.g. sexual grooming, hate emails, e-bullying) and cybercrime.

The following picture has emerged:

Overall  recorded  crime  per  1,000  population  is  the  lowest  since  the  Strategy  started  –  31  crimes per 1,000.  

According  to  Jersey  Annual  Social  Survey  (JASS)  2014–  93%  of  people felt  very  safe  or  fairly  safe  in  their  neighbourhood  (2008,  

The  SoJP  spent  much  of  2014  refreshing  and  improving  their approach  to  community  policing. They  developed  a  new Community  Engagement  Strategy  as  well  as  an  Equality  and Diversity Strategy. As a result, work has now started to ensure all sections of the Island's communities - irrespective of age, gender, disability, nationality, faith or sexuality - feel both included and able to approach the Police with their issues, concerns and knowledge of criminal intent or activity.

SoJP  continue  with  an  intelligence-led  approach  to  those neighbourhood  issues  which  can  undermine  public  safety  and quality  of  life,  by  preventing  and  disrupting  ASB,  targeting  the deployment  of  police  officers in response to  demand  or  to  known  hot-spots.  

During 2013, there was  a  32%  reduction  in  night-time  economy  related  violence  and  2014 saw a further 4% reduction. The Police continue to develop effective  relationships  and  a  range  of  joint  initiatives  with  the licensing trade and key stakeholders, in order to improve public safety after dark.  

In  Jersey,  the  general  picture  across  all  agencies during the last  few  years  is  that  of  fewer  young  people  coming into contact with  

the criminal justice system. In 2014 there was a slight increase in total arrests but not in the number of youths committing offences. Overall, the workload within the Youth Court increased in numbers to 108 compared with 62 cases being dealt with in 2013. This represents an increase of 74.2% compared to 2013.

However, when this is analysed further, it can be shown to be mainly  due  to  a  small  number  of  repeat  offenders  and  one  or  two  cases  involving  a  number  of  youths.  Whilst this increase  is regrettable, it is  not  alarming  as  just under 15% of the cases were committed by one individual.

The  Young  Offenders  Institution  (YOI)  at  States  of  Jersey  Prison  Service  (SJPS)  has  also  seen a reduction in  the  number  of  admissions

from 23 in 2008  to  14  in  2014,  with  a  peak  in  2010.  The  numbers reflect  the  number  of  youth  admissions (not  

individuals) to the prison, the majority of whom  were remanded in custody. In 2010, 18  male  and  2  female  youths  accounted  for 41 admissions to  the  JPS.   In  2014  there  was  only  1  youth admitted after  sentence  from  the  Youth  Court  but  a  total of 14 youth admissions related to only 4 individuals (one was admitted 10 times, another twice and two on one occasion each). Jersey  has  many  individuals,  public,  private  and  3rd  sector agencies and faith groups working together to address the issues that cause offending and trying to prevent those that do from re- offending. In 2014, 16% of crimes were committed by 10-17 year olds (compared to 22 – 25% in England and Wales).

Domestic Violence  remains  an  issue  for our community.  More than 11% of  recorded  crime  was  due  to  domestic  violence  crime in 2014 and  the  SoJP  attended  1,133  domestic  abuse  incidents  and  351 domestic violence crimes.

The Alcohol and Drug Service (ADS) saw a significant reduction in referrals  from  people  aged  18  and  under  from  2008  to  2011. Although the figures remain low, there has been a slight increase since then. In 2011 the overall figure for under-18 referrals was 7; this has risen to 18 in 2014.

Alcohol consumption in Jersey has decreased over the last decade, from around 17 litres of pure alcohol per capita in 1999 to around 12 in 2014. This decrease is seen mainly in the consumption of beer,  cider  and  spirits  (from  around  3  litres  in  1999  to  1.6  in 2014).The volume of wine consumed has remained relatively more stable over this time period.

However, we still consume high levels of alcohol compared to other countries.  Jersey  consumption  is  higher  than  all  OECD (Organisation  for  Economic  Co-operation  and  Development) European countries apart from Lithuania.

The majority of offenders get through their orders with a resultant improvement in their CHRISTO (Social skills, health, attendance, attitude,  and  drug/alcohol  use)  score.  This  means  the  Drug Treatment Orders (DTO) are effective, in the majority of cases, in reducing substance related problems.

When  compared  to  2012,  (199  recorded  drug  offences)  there  were  31%  fewer  drugs  offences  recorded in 2013 (138) by  the  SoJP.  However,  that  number rose by 32% to 205  in  2014.  The  offences  included  the  possession,  supply,  importation  and  manufacture  of  illegal  substances.  

The  number  of  people  being  referred  to  ADS  for  taking  New  Psychoactive  Substances  (NPS)  has

risen from 6 in 2010 to  57  in  2014.  This  is  partly due to a greater  awareness  of  the  health risks and costs  of  using  NPS.  Those  receiving  treatment  have also risen from 2  in 2010 to 14 in 2014  as more young people

are seeking help as well as a rise in referrals from agencies. So far in 2015 the numbers are falling.

2014  saw  a  sharp  increase  in  the  levels  of  drug-related  crime, which also reflects increased focus and activity by the Police during that year.

Considerable  work  was  done  to  raise  the  awareness  and understanding of the dangers of (NPS) or so-called legal highs'. In addition to promoting this message on Police vehicles, posters and social media, the Police also worked with the Prison! Me! No Way! and jointly visited the majority of schools to explain the associated dangers.

244 separate drug seizures of imported drugs were made in 2014 and the total value of the drugs seized was £950,301. There was a distinct increase in the seizure of NPS on previous years with a total of  £187,651  being  seized  during  2014.   Although  postal importations continued to be a popular method for getting NPS into the Island, passengers arriving at the Ports were also found to be importing  NPS.   Toward  the  end  of  2014,  £500,000  worth  of cocaine was seized, believed to be on its way to Jersey as a result of  a  JCIS  target  operation  jointly  undertaken  with  the  French Customs  Investigation  Service  (Direction  Nationale  du Renseignement et des Enquêtes Douanières DNRED).

Strategic Priorities & Key Objectives

Key Objectives – Highlights what action needs to be taken in order The following section of the strategy details our three strategic  to achieve the Strategic Priority.

priorities for minimising the harm caused by crime, anti-social

behaviour and substance misuse. Each priority has objectives  Each key objective is in turn separated into:

whose actions will fulfil the priorities.  Delivery of key services: Provides a list of initiatives and

The format for this section is as follows:  projects which are already being undertaken and which should

be maintained. Most form part of agencies core work

Strategic Priorities:  Build for the Future: initiatives which will build upon the work

already done to maintain our safe community.

1. To reduce the harms caused by crime, anti-social

behaviour and threats to personal safety  Key Measures: These are high level, strategic measures which will

2. To increase the safety of our community by supporting an  help to monitor the success of the strategy as a whole.

integrated approach to social inclusion

3. To minimise the harm to individuals, families and

communities caused by drugs and alcohol

Agencies – List of the key agencies which will be involved in delivering the initiatives relating to the Strategic Priority. The agency designated as Priority Co-ordinator' will be responsible for collating and reporting to the Children and Vulnerable Adults (CAVA) policy group (see governance structure page 54)

Introduction - Provides the reader with background information relevant to the Strategic Priority.

To reduce the harms caused by crime, anti-social behaviour and threats to personal safety

Priority 1 lead - States of Jersey Police (SoJP) Agencies:

States of Jersey Police (SoJP)

Honorary Police (HP)

Community and Constitutional Affairs (CCA)

Strategic Housing Unit (SHU)–various housing providers

Education Department (ED)

Economic development, Tourism, Sport and Culture (EDTSC)-Sport Health & Social Services (H&SS)

Jersey Probation & Aftercare Service (JPACS)

The States of Jersey Prison Service (SoJPS)

Jersey Customs and Immigration Service (JCIS)

Voluntary and Community Groups for example, Prison!Me!NoWay!! (PMNW), Freedom Street, Street Pastors, Safer St Helier (SSH)

together effectively. However, we cannot be complacent and with the advent of the internet, cybercrime and cyber-enabled crime (including ordering illegal drugs on-line and child sexual abuse) has become a new area for concern. In addition, domestic abuse now features in 20% of all Jersey's reported crime.

The strategy will support the work being done by the Safeguarding Partnership Board which has been  proactive in a number of areas including addressing Child Sexual Exploitation.

This part of the strategy aims to build upon the successes we have had so far whilst finding new ways to tackle new crimes. The following pages detail our plan to make Jersey an even safer place in which to live, work and play.

Introduction

Crime, disorder, ASB and threats to personal safety are of major concern to local people. According to the Jersey Annual Social Survey, 2014(JASS), level of concern over different types of crime has continued to reduce and "Safety" was the most highly rated factors in terms of what residents like about living in Jersey, rated as very important' by 82%[1]

Since the strategy started in 2005 we have made many inroads into the overall crime rate in the Island, and at the end of 2014 recorded crime had reduced from 57 per 1,000 population (2005) to 31 (2014).

This has been achieved through a number of agencies and individuals in the public, private and voluntary sectors working

Objective 1: Engage with the community

It is now commonly acknowledged that successful neighbourhood crime  reduction  means  putting  communities  in  the  driving  seat. Resident and partnership participation is needed at all stages, from identifying  problems  and  agreeing  priorities,  to  developing  and delivering solutions and tracking progress. Achieving this can be

extremely  difficult.  Over  the  last  few  years  there  has  been  a significant improvement in local participation, with initiatives not only designed to improve the safety of the area but the overall quality of life. It is imperative that this momentum is maintained and improved upon.

Delivery of key services

Objective 2: Identify hotspots and target offenders

In  Jersey,  as  has  been  found  in  other  countries,  some  National  Intelligence  Model  and  the  tasking  and  co-ordinating neighbourhoods tend to suffer higher levels of crime and ASB than  process to identify hotspots' of crime and ASB. It also aims to others. It is also true that a large proportion of crime is committed  target prolific offenders by the use of intelligence sources.

by a small minority of offenders. This objective will make use of the

Delivery of key services

Build for the future

Objective 3: Invest in young people to reduce the likelihood of future criminal and anti-social behaviour

The vast majority of our young people are law-abiding and a credit to the Island. In Jersey, in 2014 only 3.4% of the total population of 14-17 year olds were known to have committed an offence. In 2014, 16% of detected crimes were committed by 10-17 year olds (compared to 22 – 25% in England and Wales)[1]. However, the general picture across all agencies since 2008 is that far fewer young people are coming into contact with the criminal justice system (CJS). The aim of this objective is to prevent young people from offending in the first place, deal effectively with those that do offend and ensure that every effort is made to stop young people from becoming persistent offenders.

Delivery of key services

Objective 4: Involve and support parents and guardians

The aim of this objective is to ensure that parents are provided with  successfully provide care, appropriate supervision and guidance to the  support  necessary  to  develop  skills,  which  help  them  to  their children. This particularly applies to vulnerable families.

Delivery of key services

Build for the future

Objective 5: Minimise Harm through Support to Victims

Minimising the harm to victims is central to the success of this strategy. Building on the previous crime and community safety strategy, this strategy intends to ensure that anyone who becomes a victim of crime has access to the appropriate services in order to minimise the effect that crime and ASB has upon them and their family. This includes issues around cyber bullying and other cybercrime. This objective becomes particularly pertinent when we

look at the domestic abuse statistics which featured in 20% of all Jersey crime in 2014; where over half of all domestic incidents involved children and over half also involved alcohol. Compliance with the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul convention) and addressing gender-based violence is also an integral part of this objective.

Delivery of key services

Build for the future

Objective 6: Reduce Re-offending

According to international and local research, nearly half of all crime  focusing  on  those  that  re-offend  we  can  make  a  significant committed by males is the result of repeat offending. Therefore, by  contribution to the overall aim of reducing crime and ASB.

Delivery of key services

Build for the future

To increase the safety of our community by supporting an integrated approach to social inclusion

3

3 Social inclusion, is affirmative action to change the

 circumstances and habits that lead to (or have led to) social exclusion.

Priority 2 lead – Community and Constitutional  Affairs

(CCA) Policy team; Agencies

Voluntary agencies

Parishes

Jersey Probation and Aftercare Service (JPACS)

All States Departments including:

Education (ED)

Youth Service

Economic Development, Tourism, Sport and Culture (EDTSC) - Sport

Health & Social Services (H&SS)

Strategic Housing Unit (SHU) and housing providers

Social Security Department (SSD)

Community and Constitutional Affairs (CCA) – Priority lead States of Jersey Police (SoJP)

States of Jersey Prison Service (SoJPS)

powerful drivers of crime are community deprivation and income inequalities resulting from unemployment. Crime is also associated with  poor  health,  parenting  factors,  drugs  and  alcohol  misuse, school exclusion, leaving care and prison. A criminal record is itself likely to lead to exclusion, having an impact on the chances of obtaining employment in particular. These factors are both drivers and sometimes consequences of those destructive behaviours. The most important characteristics of social exclusion are that these problems are linked and mutually reinforcing. Social exclusion can only be tackled through multi-agency action.

This part of the strategy focuses on what can be done to provide people with the necessary skills and opportunities to ensure that they do not find themselves in these situations.

We strongly believe that everyone has the potential to become active and responsible members of our society.

Introduction

This part of the strategy focuses on reducing the risk factors that can  lead  to  destructive  behaviours  like  criminality,  ASB  and/or substance misuse.

There are a number of factors which we know can drive these behaviours, including low self-esteem, poor school attainment, low levels  of  literacy  and  numeracy  skills,  lack  of  worthwhile employment,  poverty  and  social  exclusion 4 .  Some  of  the  most

4 Social exclusion (or marginalization) is social disadvantage and relegation to the fringe of society and individuals or communities are thus prevented from participating fully in the economic, social, and political life of the society in which they live.

Objective 1: To identify groups of people who are socially excluded.

People need the opportunity to participate in society if they are to  of choices and opportunities to escape from poverty and denies flourish and realise their potential. Social exclusion deprives people  them a voice to claim their rights.

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Objective 2: To make access to information available to all in order to improve social inclusion.

Equal  access  to  public  information  plays  an  important  role  in creating an inclusive society, as it will make participation possible with well-informed members of society. Information that pertains to the society, such as what a community owns, generates, or benefits from,  should  be  made  available  to  all.  Collective  participation, through accepted representations of all classes and backgrounds,

in  the  planning,  implementation  and  evaluation  of  community activities  should  be  sought  after.  Publication/information  sharing and increasing the accessibility of the community's activities will eliminate doubts and suspicions which could otherwise create a sense of exclusion. Digital exclusion is increasingly highlighted as a risk factor for social exclusion.

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Objective 3: To support social networks and community development.

The existence of a strong civil society is fundamental for active participation  and  making  public  policies  and  institutions accountable. It fosters a respect for the rights, dignity and privileges of all people, while assuming that they fulfil their responsibilities within their society. There must be freedom for people to express

diverse views and develop unconventional unique ideas. Members of society must have the confidence to engage and interact with each  other,  and  build  mutual  trust  while  acknowledging  their differences.

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Objective 4: To promote independence and prevent loneliness.

Loneliness harms health, with a physical effect equivalent to that of smoking or alcoholism, not exercising or obesity. At a deeper personal level, it means the loss of hope, energy and contribution from daily lives spent in quiet desperation. Loneliness is part of the web of social exclusion': that combination of linked problems which together have a negative impact on a person's life. Our most vulnerable citizens often experience multiple disadvantages: living alone and/or without children, poor health, no access to transport, not owning their own home, low income, no phone, and old age.

In Jersey, the population projections are that in the next 20 years the number of pensioners will rise from 16,700 to approx. 28,000 and those over 85 years will double in number in the next 20 years.[1]Loneliness is, of course, something we can all face, and there is some evidence that young adults experience similar levels of loneliness to much older people. Social and community policies must grapple with these complex interlocking problems

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Objective 5: To ensure the provision of coherent services that make best use of public, private and voluntary sector collaboration.

The  community  and  voluntary  sector  plays  an  important  role  in  providing services and assistance to those in need, volunteering for Jersey society, fulfilling a wide range of needs and wants for the  those who need to develop their skills, a way for people to become community. The benefits that emerge from a vibrant sector lifts the  involved in their communities or simply leisure opportunities.

Island into a better place to live and work, generating positives by

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Objective 6: To create a forum for professionals to share and identify social inclusion opportunities

Promoting social inclusion tends to be seen as important but not  inclusion work, substantial progress can be made when workers urgent work, and so it can be repeatedly pushed aside by crises  share  out  responsibility  for  community  connection  and  capacity unless  dedicated  time  is  allocated.  As  well  as  specialising  in  building in mainstream community services.

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Objective 7: To communicate to everyone on the Island the benefit of a connected and more inclusive community.

Another  dimension  of  inclusive  societies  is  tolerance  for,  and appreciation of, cultural diversity.

This  includes  societies  that  celebrate  multiple  and  diverse expressions  of  identities.  By  celebrating  diversity,  there  is  a recognition and affirmation of the differences between and among members of society, which enables societies to move away from labelling,  categorizing,  and  classifying  people,  towards  more inclusive policies. Also, enabling a diversity of opinions provides the checks and balances crucial for the development of society, while

allowing for the greatest amount of diverse opinions to enter every discourse.

To  create  and  sustain  inclusive  societies,  it  is  critical  that  all members of society are able and motivated to participate in civic, social,  economic  and  political  activities.  A  society  where  most members, if not all, feel that they are playing a part, have access to their basic needs/livelihoods, and are provided with the opportunity to participate in decision-making processes that affect their lives, is a society that will best foster principles of inclusiveness.

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To minimise the harm to individuals, families and communities caused by drugs and alcohol

Priority 3 Lead- H&SS (Alcohol and Drug Service) Agencies:

Health & Social Services (H&SS) - Alcohol & Drug Service (ADS) Health and Social Services - Public Health

Jersey Customs & Immigration Service (JCIS)

States of Jersey Police (SoJP)

Honorary Police  

Jersey Probation and Aftercare Service (JPACS)

States of Jersey Prison Service (SoJPS)

Department of Education (DofE)

Youth Service

Economic Development, Tourism, Sport and Culture (EDTSC)- Sport

Voluntary Agencies

Hospital Doctors and General Practioners

Community and Constitutional Affairs (CCA)

Introduction

This part of the strategy sets out how the States of Jersey will work together  with  the  community  to  address  harms  caused  by  the misuse of alcohol and drugs.

Most  people  in  Jersey  drink  alcohol  in  a  way  that  is  both responsible and enjoyable, and the retail, hospitality and tourism industries  that  supply  alcohol  are  an  important  component  of Jersey's social life and economy. But misuse of alcohol and drugs affects our individual health, families, the economy, and the criminal justice system. Many of the issues the SoJP have with hotspots, offenders, criminal and ASB is linked to alcohol and drugs and many of the problems for staff at accident departments are caused

by misuse of alcohol and drugs, in addition to the long term health impact that substance misuse has.

Drug patterns of use in Jersey appear to have changed over the past five years. The recent report from the Centre for Drug Misuse Research 6 found  drugs  such  as  heroin,  cocaine  and  cannabis continue  to  be  a  problem  while  New  Psychoactive  Substances (NPS or so called legal highs' often facilitated by access through the internet),  have become a new and evolving feature of the local drug  scene.  Access  to  diverted  prescription  drugs  remains  a worrying concern.

This strategy supports the focused and more detailed actions emanating from the new Alcohol and Licensing Strategy as well  as  (following  the  recommendations  from  the  Drug research)  the  future  development  of  a  co-ordinated  and integrated response for tackling the drugs problem in Jersey with the establishment of a dedicated multi-agency sub-group with  executive  responsibilities,  in  the  form  of  a  Drug  and Alcohol Action Team (DAAT)

One of the functions of a DAAT will be to oversee the strategic direction  of  the  substance  misuse  priority  and  ensure  its objectives  are  met,  including  the  formation  of  a  service provider's forum.

6 McKeganey, N., Russell, C., Barnard, M., McGallagly, J., Bain, C., and Barclay- Hamilton, T. (2015). The Nature, Extent, Impact, and Response to Illicit Drug Use in Jersey, Centre for Drug Misuse Research, Glasgow.

Objective 1: To invest in children and young people in order to reduce the likelihood of alcohol and drug misuse.

There is widespread concern about the use of substances by young people in Jersey and in particular the use of NPS.

Certain groups of young people are more susceptible to the use of legal and illegal drugs. Research shows that children in care, school truants, those who are excluded and those who use alcohol or so called 'legal highs' from an early age, are more likely to progress on to the use of illegal substances. (It should be noted, however, that only  a  small  percentage  go  on  to  develop  substance  misuse problems).

Recent  findings  from  the  Young  People's  Health  and  Lifestyle survey, 2014 show the majority of 12-13 year olds have never drank alcohol  (52%).  By  14-15  years  old,  most  students  have  drunk alcohol (only 20% reported having never drunk it), mostly only a few times or on special occasions. Drug taking before the age of 14 years is uncommon (1% of 10-13 year olds). 17% of 14-15 year olds reported having taken drugs.

In most circumstances, most effective ways of reducing the harm caused by drugs and alcohol is to develop effective and evidence- based drug and alcohol programmes that target risk and protective factors at the individual, family, and/or community levels as well as increasing the opportunities for young problematic drug users to access treatment and support.

However,  the problems associated with the use of NPS are not those that are typically associated with longer term illegal drug use, but have to do with the unknown impact of the chemicals involved. What  may  well  be  needed  is  integrated  evidence-based educational/preventive approach in schools and raising awareness in the wider community. Approaches need to focus both on risk based learning that reduces the up-take of substance misuse as well as including targeted programs using brief interventions, harm reduction  approaches  and  referral  pathways  to  known  at  risk groups.  The  extent  to  which  a  young  person  feels  resilient  or marginalised will influence their decision making whether to use NPS.

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Objective 2: To reduce the inappropriate consumption of alcohol and drugs.

Overall levels of drug and alcohol consumption are associated with levels of harm. Correspondingly, an increase in consumption will lead  to  a  rise  in  levels  of  harm.  It  is  well  recognised  that  the attainment  of  a  drug-free  society  is  not  realistic  and  the development  of  pragmatic  and  sensible  strategies  are  more achievable. The increase in the misuse of drugs and alcohol is regarded as a major public health problem that cannot be ignored. The  health,  social  and  economic  problems  associated  with

addiction to both legal and illegal drugs present a great challenge to us all. As a relatively affluent society, Jersey remains an attractive target for drug dealers who are looking for new drug markets.

This strategy incorporates a number of treatment, prevention and law enforcement initiatives aimed at reducing the demand, supply and availability of illegal substances.

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Objective 3: To promote harm reduction behaviours to reduce the adverse effects of alcohol and drugs whilst working towards achieving abstinence.

This part of the strategy promotes both preventative and supportive measures.  It  is  hoped  that  by  promoting  and  educating  people about  a  healthier  lifestyle  they  will  be  less  likely  to  misuse substances. There needs to be equity of access to information and facilities to help all members of society feel socially included and valued.

The strategy focuses on society as a whole, but will specifically target those at-risk' or who are more vulnerable members within the community. For those who develop problems as a result of previous  substance  misuse,  the  strategy  aims  to  support  them through education and health awareness initiatives.

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Objective 4: Engage, inform and support parents and families about drugs and alcohol.

Parents who use drugs can, and do, cause serious harm to children of every age from conception to adulthood. Preventing the harm caused to children should be a key focus of this strategy.  The Health Related Behaviour Questionnaire 2014 suggests parents or carers are the second main source of information about drugs after

drug education lessons for 12-13 year olds whilst for 14-15 year olds more often reported friends and the internet as their main source of information. It is, therefore, essential that parents are properly equipped to respond to the wide-ranging challenges and questions that their children's substance use may raise.

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Objective 5: Extend the range and availability of treatment interventions for problematic alcohol and drug users.

People with drug dependence are all different, and there is no one size fits all' solution for tackling individuals' addiction issues. It is, therefore, necessary to provide people with as many best practice and evidence-based treatment opportunities, in as many forms and places, as possible. It is well known that problematic drug users make above average demands on services, which provides many agencies with opportunities to intervene. It is, therefore, essential that all professionals in contact with these users are adequately equipped, in terms of training, skills and confidence, to deal with them or to refer them on to another service as appropriate. With the recent growth in NPS use, we also need to ensure that the focus moves beyond those that may be defined more traditionally as problematic drug users.

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Objective 6: Where appropriate, provide offenders within the criminal justice system with access to alternative and effective programmes.

Recent partnership working between agencies such as Probation,

Prison, Police and Alcohol and Drugs has illustrated the value of  The Arrest Referral Worker and Court Liaison Officer are key links intervention programmes for offenders. In order to break the cycle  between treatment services and the Criminal Justice System; they of  crime,  certain  offenders  need  opportunities  to  address  their  provide  opportunities  to  divert  offenders  with  substance  misuse dependency issues. The strategy recognises appropriate targets as  problems into treatment.

the victims' of addiction, rather than the profiteers.

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Objective 7: Continue to implement effective preventative law enforcement measures to reduce the availability of drugs and alcohol.

Law enforcement has a critical and increasingly diverse role to play in pursuing this objective by protecting both individuals and the wider community from the harm associated with the consumption of licit and illicit drugs.

Law enforcement has often been viewed as an alternative to health- based policies addressing drug related harm. However, evidence suggests  that  it  is  a  multifaceted,  partnership  approach  which recognises  and  utilises  the  mandates  and  competencies  of  all stakeholders that is likely to be most effective in minimising harm

.

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Objective 8: Ensure drug trafficking laws are rigorously and effectively enforced.

Illegitimate  access  to  both  legal  and  illegal  drugs  needs  to  be curtailed in order to reduce consumption and harm. Jersey remains an attractive target for drug dealers. SoJP and JCIS intelligence and operational capabilities will continue to target the principals behind drug importation and supply syndicates with a particular emphasis  on  Class  A  drugs  and  the  illegal  New  Psychoactive

Substances. The Joint Financial Crime Unit will investigate the financial  affairs  of  individuals  prosecuted  for  drug  trafficking offences so as to ensure that they do not benefit from the proceeds of  their  drug  trafficking.  We  must  continue  to  capitalise  upon opportunities of sharing of intelligence and joint operational working with other agencies and jurisdictions.

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Objective 9: Maintain a clear insight and understanding of trends in the use of drugs and alcohol.

Up-to-date information on the availability and prevalence of illegal drugs and the criminal, health, and social consequences of their use  is  vital  to  the  implementation  of  any  drug  strategy.  Such information  is  also  important for measuring the  effectiveness  of substance misuse initiatives.

The compilation of data from a wide array of information systems helps us to provide a reference regarding what we know about the drug problem. We continue to place a high priority on strengthening these  information  systems  to  support  the  formulation  and assessment of policies and programs to reduce drug use and its consequences.

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Governance

Governance of the strategy will be provided through the Children and Vulnerable Adults (CAVA) Policy group. Members of this group are:

• Minister for Home Affairs
• Minister for Health and Social Services
• Minister for Education
• Minister for Social Security
• Minister Housing
• Assistant Chief Minister (Social Policy)

The CAVA Chief Officers group will be responsible for strategy.

A  BaSS  Community  Safety  Group  will  be  responsible  for  co- ordinating the various developments of community safety actions.

A newly formed Drug and Alcohol Action team will be responsible for the development of a co-ordinated and integrated response for tackling the drugs and alcohol issues in Jersey. A chair will be nominated to take developments through to CAVA.

A substance misuse service providers' forum will help to facilitate greater engagement and joint working at an operational level.